The Triumph of Profiling

Until fairly recently, only serial killers and lunatics had profiles. Yet today, almost everyone is profiled through social media, mobile phones, and a multitude of other methods. But where does the idea of “profiling” come from, how has it changed over time, and what are its implications?  In this book, Andreas Bernard examines contemporary profiling’s roots in late-nineteenth-century criminology, psychology, and psychiatry. Data collection techniques previously used exclusively by police or to identify groups of people are now applied to all individuals in society. GPS transmitters and measuring devices are now unconsciously embraced to have fun, communicate, make money, or even find a partner. Drawing perceptive parallels between modern technologies and their antecedents, Bernard shows how we have unwittingly internalized what were once instruments of external control and repression. This illuminating genealogy of contemporary digital culture will be of interest to students and scholars in media and communication, and to anyone concerned about the power technologies hold over our lives.

1. Profiles: The Development of a Format A Conceptual History of the Profile in the Twentieth Century The Triumph of the Self-Made Profile Profiles and the Culture of Job Applications Constants of External Control Cyberspace and Profiles: From the Boundless to the Captive Self 2. Locations: GPS and the Aesthetics of Suspicion The History of Satellite Navigation On the Way to Locating Individuals Paradoxes of Location Electronic Ankle Bracelets Location-Based Games 3. Cavity Searches: Bodily Measurements and the Quantified-Self Movement Fitbit Genealogies of Self-Tracking Measuring, Classifying, Discriminating Introspection and Data Generation Lifting the Veil Witnesses for the Prosecution 4. The Forgotten Fear of Registration The Drama of the Census The Police as a Catalyst of Electronic Registration The Semantics of the Net The Glamour of Datafication 1984 from Today’s Perspective Stigmatization and Self-Design 5. The Power of Internalization Competitive Individuality The Governability of the Self in Digital Culture Notes Works Cited Index