Handbook of Sample Preparation

Discover new keys to solving analytical problems using the Latest sample preparation methods Commonly viewed of as a routine task rather than as an integral component in the analytical process, sample preparation has long been undervalued as a science and underdeveloped as a technology. In an effort to reverse this trend, Handbook of Sample Preparation shows why sample preparation deserves closer scientific scrutiny, and makes a compelling case for colleges and professional laboratories to devote more resources to promote the benefits of its correct application. Handbook of Sample Preparation includes: A solid overview of standard sampling methodologies and their analytical capabilities An introduction of non-traditional sampling technologies, which address the need for solvent-free alternatives, automation, and miniaturization A discussion of the analytical shift toward performing sampling on-site, rather than in the laboratory An examination of various extraction technologies and their applications for different types of matrices A look at how to take advantage of new sampling strategies to streamline laboratory procedures, reduce research costs, and increase overall productivity An excellent primer on the fundamentals of extraction as well as a sound guide on the latest technological upgrades influencing current sampling techniques, this versatile text serves as an important and accessible tool for both students and seasoned practitioners as they seek new avenues for improving the accuracy of their analyses.

Preface vii Contributors ix Part I Fundamental Extraction Techniques 1 1 Theory of Extraction 3 Janusz Pawliszyn 2 Headspace Gas Chromatography 25 Zelda E. Penton 3 Liquid–Liquid Extraction in Environmental Analysis 39 Toh Ming Hii and Hian Kee Lee 4 Solid-Phase Extraction 53 Ronald E. Majors 5 Solid-Phase Microextraction 81 Sanja Risticevic, Dajana Vuckovic, and Janusz Pawliszyn 6 Microdialysis Sampling as a Sample Preparation Method 103 Pradyot Nandi and Susan M. Lunte 7 Liquid-Phase Microextraction (LPME) Utilizing Porous Hollow Fibers 125 Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard, Knut Einar Rasmussen, and Jan Åke Jönsson 8 Sample Preparation in Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry 149 Raimo A. Ketola, Tapio Kotiaho, and Frants R. Lauritsen 9 Pressurized Fluid Extraction 163 John R. Dean and Renli Ma 10 Superheated Water Extraction 181 Roger M. Smith 11 Supercritical Fluid Extraction 191 Jeremy J. Kroon and Douglas E. Raynie 12 Microwave-Assisted Extraction 197 J.R. Jocelyn Paré and Jacqueline M.R. Bélanger 13 Chemical Derivatizations in Analytical Extractions 225 Jack Rosenfeld Part II Application Considerations 247 14 Sample Preparation Techniques for Environmental Organic Pollutant Analysis 249 Ray E. Clement and Chunyan Hao 15 Sample Preparation for the Study of Flavor Compounds in Food 267 Henryk H. Jeleń 16 Sampling and Sample Preparation for Clinical and Pharmaceutical Analysis 285 Hiroyuki Kataoka, Keita Saito, and Atsushi Yokoyama 17 Statistics of Sampling and Sample Preparation 313 Byron Kratochvil 18 SPME Devices Integrating Sampling with Sample Preparation for On-Site Analysis 325 Gangfeng Ouyang Part III Recent Developments 341 19 Developments in the Use of Passive Sampling Devices for Monitoring Pollutants in Water 343 Graham A. Mills, Rocio Aguilar-Martínez, Richard Greenwood, Ian J. Allan, Janine Brümmer, Jesper Knutsson, and Branislav Vrana 20 Solid-Phase Microextraction for Drug Analysis 365 Heather L. Lord 21 Sample Handling Protocols for Biosensor Applications 385 Andrew Chan, Teresa Artuso, and Ulrich J. Krull 22 Sol-Gel Coatings and Monoliths in Analytical Sample Preparation 419 Scott Segro and Abdul Malik 23 The Use of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Sampling and Sample Preparation 445 Börje Sellergren and Antonio Martin Esteban Index 475