A Companion to Nordic Cinema

A Companion to Nordic Cinema presents a collection of original essays that explore one of the world’s oldest regional cinemas from its origins to the present day. Offers a comprehensive, transnational and regional account of Nordic cinema from its origins to the present day Features original contributions from more than two dozen international film scholars based in the Nordic countries, the United States, Canada, Scotland, and Hong Kong Covers a wide range of topics on the distinctive evolution of Nordic cinema including the silent Golden Age, Nordic film policy models and their influence, audiences and cinephilia, Nordic film training, and indigenous Sámi cinema. Considers Nordic cinema’s engagement with global audiences through coverage of such topics as Dogme 95, the avant-garde filmmaking movement begun by Danish directors Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg, and the global marketing and distribution of Nordic horror and Nordic noir Offers fresh investigations of the work of global auteurs such as Carl Th. Dreyer, Ingmar Bergman, Lars von Trier, Aki Kaurismäki, and Roy Andersson. Includes essays on Danish and Swedish television dramas, Finland’s eco-documentary film production, the emerging tradition of Icelandic cinema, the changing dynamics of Scandinavian porn, and many more

Notes on Contributors viii Acknowledgments xii Introduction: Nordic Cinema: Breaking New Waves since the Dawn of Film 1 Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist Part I States of Cinema: Nordic Film Policy 13 Introduction 15 Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 1 Regional and Global Dimensions of Danish Film Culture and Film Policy 19 Ib Bondebjerg 2 Developing a Bhutanese Film Sector in the Intersection between Gross National Happiness and Danish Guidance 41 Nis Grøn 3 Cinema in the Welfare State: Notes on Public Support, Regional Film Funds, and Swedish Film Policy 60 Olof Hedling 4 “Education, Enlightenment, and General Propaganda”: Dansk Kulturfilm and Carl Th. Dreyer’s Short Films 78 C. Claire Thomson Part II Making Filmmakers: Models and Values 99 Introduction 101 Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 5 How to Train a Director—Film Schools in the Nordic Countries 105 Astrid Söderbergh Widding 6 Non-Fiction Film Culture in Sweden circa 1920–1960: Pragmatic Governance and Consensual Solidarity in a Welfare State 125 Mats Jönsson 7 Crossing Borders: Going Transnational with “Danish” Film Training, Capacity Building, and Talent Development 148 Mette Hjort Part III Reeling ’Em In: Spectatorship and Cinephilia 173 Introduction 175 Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 8 The Rise and Fall of Norwegian Municipal Cinemas 179 Ove Solum 9 The “Capital of Scandinavia?” Imaginary Cityscapes and the Art of Creating an Appetite for Nordic Cinematic Spaces 199 Maaret Koskinen 10 Jörn Donner and the Emergence of a New Film Culture in Postwar Scandinavia 224 Kimmo Laine 11 The Formation of a Cinema Audience in Sweden, 1915–1929 242 Tommy Gustafsson Part IV Reinventing the Reel: Transitions and Triumphs 265 Introduction 267 Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 12 Searching for Art’s Promised Land: Nordic Silent Cinema and the Swedish Example 271 Casper Tybjerg 13 Aki Kaurismäki—From Punk to Social Democracy 291 Andrew Nestingen 14 Swedish Cinema of the 1940s, a New Wave 313 Fredrik Gustafsson 15 Between Art and Genre: New Nordic Horror Cinema 332 Gunnar Iversen 16 A Tradition of Torturing Women 351 Linda Haverty Rugg Part V Connecting Points: Global Intersections 371 Introduction 373 Mette Hjort and Ursula Lindqvist 17 Memories of Cultural Dismemberment: Nils Gaup, Mons Somby, and the Re]Membering of Sámi History 377 Wendy Gay Pearson 18 The Scandinavian Colonies of Silent]Era Hollywood 396 Arne Lunde 19 Films into Uniform: Dogme 95 and the Last New Wave 417 Scott MacKenzie 20 Nordic Remakes in Hollywood: Reconfiguring Originals and Copies 436 Anna Westerståhl Stenport 21 The Global Distribution of Swedish Silent Film 457 Laura Horak Part VI The Eye of Industry: Practitioner’s Agency 485 Introduction 487 Ursula Lindqvist and Mette Hjort 22 The Writing of Television Drama: Issues of Creative Collaboration and Authorship in Danish Writers’ Rooms 491 Eva Novrup Redvall 23 Universal Aspirations and Ecocosmopolitan Rhetoric: The Finnish Ecodocumentary 510 Pietari Kääpä 24 The Emergence of a Tradition in Icelandic Cinema: From Children of Nature to Volcano 529 Björn Nordfjörd 25 The Art of Not Telling Stories in Nordic Fiction Films 547 Ursula Lindqvist 26 The Death of Porn? An Autopsy of “Scandinavian Sin” in the Twenty]first Century 566 Mariah Larsson Appendix 589 Index 591