Explaining Language Universals

This book addresses one of the most fundamental questions that can be asked about language: how can we explain language universals? There are currently many different views of this question. Some argue for the innateness of general linguistic principles within the human species. Others see a more social foundation to language, with linguistic structure reflecting various communicative functions. Yet others appleal to the psychological demands placed upon language-users in producing and comprehending language in real time. Language is also seen as a reflection of our human perceptual and cognitive apparatus. And there are also more grammar-internal explanations, whereby one part of the grammar (such as some aspect of surface form) is explained by another (such as the semantics of that form). This book is a state-of-the-art vollume which brings together all of these different views. The contributors have each benn asked to offer some general explanation for which they see evidence, and to provide illustrative universal data supporting it.

Part 1 Introduction: explaining language universals, John A.Hawkins. Part 2 Innateness and Learnability: the innateness hypothesis, Teun Hoekstra and Jan G.Kooij Language acquisitions - schemas replace universal grammar, Michael A.Arbib and Jane C.Hill The "no negative evidence" problem - how do children avoid constructing an overly general grammar?, Melissa Bowerman. Max-Planck Institut fur Psycholinguistik, Nijmegen. Part 3 Semantic and Pragmatic Explanations: on semantics and the binding theory, Edward L.Keenan Concessive connecitves and concessive sentences - cross-linguistic regularities and pragmatic principles, Ekkehard Konig A discourse approach to the cross-linguistic category "adjective", Sandra A.Thompson Coreference and conjunction reduction in grammar and discourse, Bernard Comrie. Part 4 Cognitive, Perceptual and processing explanations: language, perception and the world, Michael Lee Parameterizing the language processing system - left-vs. right-branching within and across languages, Lyn Frazier and Keith Rayner Psycholinguistic factors in morphological asymmetry, John A.Hawkins, and Anne Cutler. Part 5 the diachronic dimension: integrating diachronic and processing principles in explaining the suffixing preference, Christopher J.Hall The diachronic dimension in explanation, Joan L.Bybee.