Strategies for Reducing Drug and Chemical Residues in Food Animals

Highlighting international approaches; the book details strategies to minimize contamination, residue monitoring programs, and classes of drugs and chemicals that pose contaminant risk in livestock. Focuses attention on drug and chemical residues in edible animal products Covers novel computational, statistical, and mathematical strategies for dealing with chemical exposures in food animals Details major drug classes used in food animal production and their residue risks Highlights efforts at harmonizing and the differences among areas like US, EU, Canada, Australia, South America, China, and Asia, where the issue of chemical exposures has significant impact on livestock products Ties veterinary clinical practice and the use of these drugs in food animals with regulatory standards and mitigation practices

Preface vii Contributors ix 1 Importance of Veterinary Drug Residues 1 Ronald E. Baynes and Jim E. Riviere 2 Pharmacokinetic Principles for Understanding Drug Depletion as a Basis for Determination ofWithdrawal Periods for Animal Drugs 9 Sanja Modric 3 Evaluation of Drug Residue Depletion in the Edible Products of Food-Producing Animals forEstablishing Withdrawal Periods and Milk Discard Times 35 Dong Yan 4 Establishing Maximum Residue Limits in Europe 49 Kornelia Grein and Isaura Duarte 5 Methods to Derive Withdrawal Periods in the European Union 65 G. Johan Schefferlie and Stefan Scheid 6 Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict Withdrawal Times 81 Sharon E. Mason 7 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling 95 Jennifer Buur 8 Residue Avoidance in Beef Cattle Production Systems 115 Virginia Fajt and Dee Griffin 9 Residue Avoidance in Dairy Cattle Production Systems 137 Geof Smith 10 Residue Avoidance in Aquaculture Production Systems 161 Renate Reimschuessel 11 Residue Avoidance in Small Ruminant Production Systems 193 Kevin Anderson and Reha Azizoglu 12 Residue Avoidance in Swine Production Systems 221 Ronald E. Baynes and Glen Almond 13 Confirmatory Methods for Veterinary Drugs and Chemical Contaminants in Livestock Commodities233 Hui li 14 The Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank: An Example of Risk Management of VeterinaryDrug Residues 289 Thomas W. Vickroy, Ronald E. Baynes, Lisa Tell and Jim E. Riviere 15 Risk Management of Chemical Contaminants in Livestock 303 Ronald E. Baynes and Jim E. Riviere Index 313