Plant Breeding Reviews, Volume 42

Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.

Contributors ix 1. Mark E. Sorrells: Plant Breeder, Geneticist,Innovator, Mentor 1 Alvina Gul, Christine H. Diepenbrock, Flavio Breseghello,Euclydes Minella, Jesse D. Munkvold, Andrew H. Paterson, Lisa Kissing Kucek, Edward Souza, Mauricio La Rota, Long‐Xi Yu, Ju‐Kyung Yu, Zhengqiang Ma, Allen Van Deynze, Jessica Rutkoski, Elliot L. Heffner, Jorge da Silva, and Julio Isidro Sanchez I. Biographical Sketch and Background 5 II. Research 8 III. Mark’s Attributes and Philosophies 20 Literature Cited 23 Cultivar Release and Germplasm Registration 27 Selected Papers of Mark E. Sorrells 28 2. Onion Breeding 39 Michael J. Havey I. Economic Importance 42 II. Botany and Origins 42 III. Reproductive Biology and Seed Production 44 IV. Population Improvement and Hybrids 45 V. Breeding Goals 51 VI. Biotechnology 64 VII. Future Prospects 67 VIII. Personal Refelections 69 Disclaimer 71 Literature Cited 71 3. Alternative Experimental Designs for Plant Breeding 87 Jared Zystro, Micaela Colley, and Julie Dawson I. Introduction 89 II. Principles 90 III. Designs 97 IV. Conclusions: Choosing an Appropriate Design 112 Literature Cited 114 4. Advances in DNA Markers and Breeding for Warm‐ and Cool‑Season Turfgrasses 119 Karen R. Harris‐Shultz and David Jespersen I. Introduction 121 II. Warm‐Season Turfgrass 125 III. Cool‐Season Turfgrasses 139 IV. Future Perspectives 151 Acknowledgments 153 Literature Cited 153 5. Sugar Beet Breeding 167 J. Mitchell McGrath and Lee Panella I. Introduction 168 II. Natural History 172 III. Genetic Resources 178 IV. Breeding Perspectives 180 V. Modern Breeding 187 VI. Final Remarks 201 Acknowledgments 203 Literature Cited 203 6. The Importance of Cosmetic Stay‑Green in Specialty Crops 219 James R. Myers, Mustafa Aljadi, and Linda Brewer I. Introduction 222 II. Characteristics of Cosmetic Stay‐Green 225 III. Genotypic and Phenotypic Description, and Economic Importance by Plant Family 228 IV. Other Crops That May Carry Cosmetic Stay‐Green Mutations 240 V. Utility and Importance of Cosmetic Stay‐Green 244 VI. Limitations of Stay‐Green 245 VII. Prospects and the Need for Further Research 248 Acknowledgments 249 Literature Cited 250 7. Quinoa Breeding and Genomics 257 Kevin M. Murphy, Janet B. Matanguihan, Francisco F. Fuentes, Luz Rayda Gómez‐Pando, Eric N. Jellen, Peter J. Maughan, and David E. Jarvis I. Introduction 259 II. History of Quinoa Breeding 266 III. Biology 272 IV. Breeding Methods 279 V. Breeding Objectives 286 Literature Cited 308 8. Experimental and Bioinformatics Advances in Crop Genomics 321 Ryan M. Patrick and Ying Li I. Introduction 324 II. Whole‐Genome Sequencing of Crop Species 326 III. Functional Genomics: Profiling the Transcriptome and Epigenome 337 IV. Gene Regulatory Network 365 V. Conclusion and Outlook 368 Acknowledgments 369 Literature Cited 369 Cumulative Contributor Index 383 Cumulative Subject Index 393