Perspectives on Africa

The second edition of Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History, and Representation is both an introduction to the cultures of Africa and a history of the interpretations of those cultures. Key essays explore the major issues and debates through a combination of classic articles and the newest research in the field. Explores the dynamic processes by and through which scholars have described and understood African history and culture Includes selections from anthropologists, historians, philosophers, and critics who collectively reveal the interpenetration of ideas and concepts within and across disciplines, regions, and historical periods Offers a combined focus on ethnography and theory, giving students the means to link theory with data and perspective with practice Newly revised and updated edition of this popular text with 14 brand new chapters and two new sections: Conflict and Violent Transformations; and Development, Governance and Globalization

Acknowledgments x List of Maps xiv List of Figures xv List of Plates xvii List of Tables xviii Introduction: Africa in Perspective 1 Part I: Representation and Discourse 19 Introduction 21 1 Africa Observed: Discourses of the Imperial Imagination 31  Jean and John Comaroff 2 The Meaning of Our Work 44  Cheikh Anta Diop 3 Europe Upside Down: Fallacies of the New Afrocentrism 48  Kwame Anthony Appiah 4 Discourse of Power and Knowledge of Otherness 55  V. Y. Mudimbe Part II: From Tribe to Ethnicity: Kinship and Social Organization 61 Introduction 63 5 The Nuer: Time and Space 71  E. E. Evans-Pritchard 6 The Illusion of Tribe 83  Aidan W. Southall  7 Ethnicity in Southern African History 95  Leroy Vail Part III: Economics as a Cultural System 109 Introduction 111  8 Lele Economy Compared with the Bushong 123  Mary Douglas  9 Research on an African Mode of Production 139  Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch 10 The Cattle of Money and the Cattle of Girls among the Nuer, 1930–83 151 Sharon Hutchinson Part IV: Hunter-Gatherers in Africa 167 Introduction 169 11 The Lesson of the Pygmies 175  Colin M. Turnbull 12 Houses in the Rainforest: Gender and Ethnicity among the Lese and Efe in Zaire 184  Roy Richard Grinker 13 Land Filled with Flies: The Evolution of Illusion 200  Edwin N. Wilmsen 14 Foragers, Genuine or Spurious? Situating the Kalahari San in History 219  Jacqueline S. Solway and Richard B. Lee Part V: Witchcraft, Science, and Rationality: The Translation of Culture 237 Introduction 239 15 Conversations on Rain-making 245  David Livingstone 16 The Notion of Witchcraft Explains Unfortunate Events 249  E. E. Evans-Pritchard 17 Understanding a Primitive Society 257  Peter Winch 18 The Moral Economy of Witchcraft: An Essay in Comparative History 270  Ralph A. Austen Part VI: Ancestors, Gods, and the Philosophy of Religion 283 Introduction 285 19 Conversations with Ogotemmêli 291  Marcel Griaule 20 African Philosophy, Myth and Reality 302  Paulin J. Hountondji 21 Ancestors as Elders in Africa 314  Igor Kopytoff Part VII: Arts, Aesthetics, and Heritage 323 Introduction 325 22 Humorous Masks and Serious Politics among the Afi kpo Igbo 335 Simon Ottenberg 23 Art, Identity, Boundaries: Postmodernism and Contemporary African Art 348  Olu Oguibe 24 As Plato Duly Warned: Music, Politics, and Social Change in Coastal East Africa 354  Kelly M. Askew 25 In Place of Slavery: Fashioning Coastal Identity 372  Bayo Holsey Part VIII: Sex and Gender Studies in Africa: Economy and Society 379 Introduction 381 26 The Economics of Polygamy 389  Ester Boserup 27 “Sitting on a Man”: Colonialism and the Lost Political Institutions of Igbo Women 399  Judith Van Allen 28 Virginity Testing: Managing Sexuality in a Maturing HIV/AIDS Epidemic 411  Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala Part IX: Europe in Africa: Colonization 423 Introduction 425 29 The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa: Methods of Ruling Native Races 431  Frederick D. Lugard 30 How Europe Underdeveloped Africa 439  Walter Rodney 31 The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa 450  Terence Ranger 32 Detained: A Writer’s Prison Diary 462  Ngugi wa Thiong’o Part X: Nations and Nationalism 471 Introduction 473 33 Negritude: A Humanism of the Twentieth Century 477  Léopold Sédar Senghor 34 On National Culture 484  Frantz Fanon 35 Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Modernity: The Paradox of Mau Mau 498  Bruce J. Berman 36 The Invisible Face: Masks, Ethnicity, and the State in Côte d’Ivoire 514  Christopher B. Steiner Part XI: Violent Transformations: Conflict and Displacement 521 Introduction 523 37 Rituals of Rebellion in South-East Africa 531  Max Gluckman 38 Fighting for the Rainforest: War, Youth and Resources in Sierra Leone 543  Paul Richards 39 Sacrifice as Terror: The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 555  Christopher C. Taylor 40 Where to Be an Ancestor? Reconstituting Socio-spiritual Worlds among Displaced Mozambicans 569 Stephen Lubkemann Part XII: Development, Governance, and Globalization 583 Introduction 585 41 Expectations of Modernity: Myths and Meanings of Urban Life on the Zambian Copperbelt 595  James Ferguson 42 Development Aid and Structural Violence: The Case of Rwanda 609  Peter Uvin 43 Nigerian Scams as Political Critique: Globalization, Inequality and 419 616  Daniel Jordan Smith 44 The State in Africa: The Politics of the Belly 629  Jean-François Bayart 45 “Govern Yourselves!” Democracy and Carnage in Northern Mozambique 644  Harry G. West 46 Nuer-American Passages 660  Dianna Shandy Index 671