Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment presents a comprehensive look at this key neuropsychiatric disorder. The text examines the neurobiological basis of posttraumatic stress and how our understanding of the basic elements of the disease has informed and been translated into new and existing treatment options. The book begins with a section on animal models in posttraumatic stress disorder research, which have served as the basis of much of our neurobiological information. Chapters then delve into applications of the clinical neuroscience of posttraumatic stress disorder. The final part of the book explores treatments and the way in which our basic and clinical research is now being converted into treatment methods. Taking a unique basic science to translational intervention approach, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: From Neurobiology to Treatment is an invaluable resource for researchers, students, and clinicians dealing with this complex disorder. Comprehensive coverage of this key neuropsychiatric disorder Chapters written by a global team of experts on basic and clinical aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder Takes a translational approach, moving from basic research to clinical interventions

List of contributors vii Introduction xi Section I: Preclinical sciences of stress 1 Posttraumatic stress disorder: from neurobiology to clinical presentation 3 Arieh Y. Shalev & J. Douglas Bremner 2 The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a critical review 27 Leah A. McGuire 3 Early life stress and development: preclinical science 61 Dora B. Guzman, Brittany Howell & Mar Sanchez 4 Amygdala contributions to fear and safety conditioning: insights into PTSD from an animal model across development 81 Christopher Cain & Regina Sullivan 5 Preclinical evidence for benzodiazepine receptor involvement in the pathophysiology of PTSD comorbid substance abuse and alcoholism 105 Robert Drugan, Nathaniel P. Stafford & Timothy A. Warner 6 Psychosocial predator stress model of PTSD based on clinically relevant risk factors for trauma-induced psychopathology 125 Phillip R. Zoladz & David Diamond 7 Coping with stress in wild birds – the evolutionary foundations of stress responses 145 Molly J. Dickens & Michael Romero 8 Stress fear and memory in healthy individuals 159 Christian J. Merz, Bernet M. Elzinga & Lars Schwabe Section II: Neurobiology of PTSD 9 Neurotransmitter neurohormonal and neuropeptidal function in stress and PTSD 181 J. Douglas Bremner & Brad Pearce 10 Genomics of PTSD 233 Anthony S. Zannas, Elisabeth Binder & Divya Mehta 11 Cortisol and the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis in PTSD 265 Amy Lehrner, Nicolaos Daskalakis & Rachel Yehuda 12 Neuroimaging of PTSD 291 Carolina Campanella & J. Douglas Bremner Section III: PTSD and co-occuring conditions 13 PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury 321 J. Douglas Bremner 14 Stress-related psychopathology and pain 345 Sarah C. Reitz, Karl-Juergen Bär & Christian Schmahl 15 Stress and health 361 Viola Vaccarino, Emeran Mayer & J. Douglas Bremner Section IV: PTSD: From neurobiology to treatment 16 Pharmacotherapy for PTSD: effects on PTSD symptoms and the brain 389 Lori Davis, Mark Hamner & J. Douglas Bremner 17 Effects of psychotherapy for psychological trauma on PTSD symptoms and the brain 413 J. Douglas Bremner & Carolina Campanella Index 421