Cognition

From memory to creativity—a complete and current presentation of the field of cognition The process of cognition allows us to function in life; it translates inputs from the world so we can recognize the sound of the alarm clock, remember the day of the week, and decide which clothes to wear. Cognition: From Memory to Creativity provides readers with a clear, research-based, and well-illustrated presentation of the field, starting with memory—the most accessible starting point—to more complex functions and research in information processing. Authors Robert Weisberg and Lauretta Reeves include the newest neurological findings that help us understand the human processes that allow for cognition. Unique in its organization, Cognition incorporates both classical and modern research and provides demonstration experiments for students to conduct with simple materials. Cognition explores: Models of memory and memory systems Encoding and retrieval Forgetting vs. false memory Visual cognition Attention and imagery Sounds, words, and meaning Logical thinking and decision making Problem solving and creative thinking

Preface ix Acknowledgments xi CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Study of Cognition 1 CHAPTER 2 Memory I: Models of Memory and Memory Systems 45 CHAPTER 3 Memory II: Encoding and Retrieval 95 CHAPTER 4 Memory III: Errors of Omission (Forgetting) and Commission (False Memory) 139 CHAPTER 5 Visual Cognition: Pattern Recognition and Spatial Localization 181 CHAPTER 6 Attention 243 CHAPTER 7 Imagery 289 CHAPTER 8 Concepts and Categories 333 CHAPTER 9 Language I: Sounds, Words, and Meanings 379 CHAPTER 10 Language II: Sentence Processing 423 CHAPTER 11 Thinking I: Logical Thinking and Decision Making 467 CHAPTER 12 Thinking II: Problem Solving 515 CHAPTER 13 Thinking III: Creative Thinking 563 References 607 Author Index 685 Subject Index 705