Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals and Birds in Europe

INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS IN EUROPE Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals and Birds in Europe is a key resource on the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in European wildlife that covers the distinctive nature of diseases as they occur in Europe, including strains, insect vectors, reservoir species, and climate, as well as geographical distribution of the diseases and European regulations for reporting, diagnosis and control. Divided into sections on viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal and yeast infections, and prion infections, this definitive reference provides valuable information on disease classification and properties, causative agents, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and implications for human, domestic and wild animal health. KEY FEATURES: Brings together extensive research from many different disciplines into one integrated and highly useful definitive reference. Zoonotic risks to human health, as well as risks to pets and livestock are highlighted. Each disease is covered separately with practical information on the animal species in which the disease has been recorded, clinical signs of the disease, diagnostic methods, and recommended treatments and vaccination. Wildlife vaccination and disease surveillance techniques are described. Examines factors important in the spread of disease such as changing climate, the movement of animals through trade, and relaxations in the control of wild animal populations. Written by a team of pathologists, epidemiologists and clinicians from across Europe, this is the definitive resource for infectious diseases of wild mammals and birds in Europe. It will be an invaluable reference for veterinarians, conservation biologists, epidemiologists, and wildlife researchers, managers, rehabilitators and students.

Notes on Contributors vii Preface xi Cover Image Acknowledgements xiii Acknowledgements xiv Section 1 Viral Infections 1 1. Herpesvirus Infections 3 2. Influenza Virus Infections 37 3. Avian Paramyxovirus Infections 59 4. Circovirus Infections 67 5. Calicivirus Infections 73 6. Lyssavirus Infections 86 7. Morbillivirus Infections 99 8. Orbivirus Infections 119 9. Flavivirus Infections 128 10. Pestivirus Infections 146 11. Picornavirus Infections 168 12. Parvovirus Infections 181 13. Poxvirus Infections 191 14. Adenovirus Infections 210 15. Retrovirus Infections 219 16. Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus Infections 225 17. Coronavirus Infections 234 18. Bunyavirus Infections 241 19. Other Virus Infections 249 Section 2 Bacterial Infections 263 20. Mycobacteria Infections 265 21. Yersinia Infections 293 22. Tularaemia 303 23. Pasteurella Infections 310 24. Brucellosis 318 25. Anthrax 329 26. Chlamydiaceae Infections 336 27. Borrelia Infections 345 28. Rickettsiales Infections 363 29. Mycoplasma Infections 372 30. Escherichia Infections 381 31. Salmonella Infections 386 32. Campylobacter Infections 398 33. Leptospira Infections 402 34. Coxiella burnetii Infection 409 35. Listeria Infections 413 36. Clostridium Species and Botulism 417 37. Other Bacterial Infections 428 Section 3 Fungal and Yeast Infections 453 38. Aspergillosis 455 39. Yeast Infections 462 40. Other Fungal Infections 466 41. Harmful Algal Blooms including Cyanobacterial Toxicosis 476 42. Mycotoxicosis 482 Section 4 Prion Infections 487 43. Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies 489 Section 5 Appendices 497 Appendix 1. Some Wildlife Related Emerging Diseases (WiREDS) in Europe 499 Appendix 2. Selected Zoonotic Pathogens with European Wildlife Reservoirs/Hosts 501 Appendix 3. Selected Socio-Economically Important Wildlife Related Pathogens and Diseases in Europe 503 Appendix 4. Wildlife Pathogens with Arthropod Vectors 505 Appendix 5. Pathogens Suspected of Causing Wild Population Declines, or of Conservation Importance 506 Appendix 6. Diseases by Clinical Presentations, Mammals 507 Appendix 7. Diseases by Clinical Presentations, Birds 509 Appendix 8. Species (Family)-Specific Wildlife Diseases in Europe 511 Subject Index 513