Homogeneous Catalysis

Over the last decade, the area of homogeneous catalysis with transition metal has grown in great scientific interest and technological promise, with research in this area earning three Nobel Prizes and filing thousands of patents relating to metallocene and non-metallocene single site catalysts, asymmetric catalysis, carbon-carbon bond forming metathesis and cross coupling reactions. This text explains these new developments in a unified, cogent, and comprehensible manner while also detailing earlier discoveries and the fundamentals of homogeneous catalysis. Serving as a self-study guide for students and all chemists seeking to gain entry into this field, it can also be used by experienced researchers from both academia and industry for referring to leading state of the art review articles and patents, and also as a quick self-study manual in an area that is outside their immediate expertise. The book features: • Topics including renewable feed stocks (biofuel, glycerol), carbon dioxide based processes (polycarbonates), fluorous solvents, ionic liquid, hydroformylation, polymerization, oxidation, asymmetric catalysis, and more • Basic principles of organometallic chemistry, homogeneous catalysis, and relevant technological issues • Problems and answers, industrial applications (case studies), and examples from proven industrial processes with clear discussions on environmental and techno-commercial issues • Extensive references to cutting edge research with application potential and leading patents • Tables and illustrations to help explain difficult concepts

1. Chemical Industry and Homogeneous Catalysis 1.1 Feed Stocks, Fuels and Catalysts 1.2 Crude Oil to Gasoline and Basic Building Blocks by Heterogeneous catalysts 1.3 Basic Building Blocks to Downstream Products by Homogeneous Catalysis 1.4 Comparison among Different Types of Catalysis 1.5 Catalyst Recovery 1.6 Environmental Issues Problems Bibliography 2. Basic Chemical Concepts 2.1 Ligands 2.2 Metals 2.3 Important Reaction Types Problems Bibliography 3. Methods of Investigation 3.1 Catalytic cycle and intermediates 3.2 Spectroscopic Studies 3.3 Kinetic Studies 3.4 Model Compounds 3.5 Computational Techniques (Theoretical Calculation) 3.6 Asymmetric Catalysis Problems Bibliography 4. Carbonylation and Related Reactions 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Carbonylation and Manufacture of Acetic Acid 4.3 Carbonylation of Other Alcohols 4.4 Carbonylation of Methyl Acetate 4.5 Carbonylation of Alkynes 4.6 Other carbonylation and hydrocarboxylation reactions 4.7 C1-Chemistry 4.8 Engineering Aspects Problems Bibliography 5. Hydrogenation and Other Hydrogen Based Catalytic Reactions 5.1 Hydrogenation 5.2 Hydroformylation 5.3 Other Hydroformylation reactions 5.4 Asymmetric Hydroformylation 5.5 Hydrosilylation 5.6 Hydrocyanation 5.7 Hydroamination Problems Bibliography 6. Polymerization and Selective Oligomerization of Alkenes 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Early Catalysts for Polyethylene and Polypropylene 6.3 Modern Ziegler-Natta Catalyst 6.4 Mechanistic Studies 6.5 Single Site Catalysts 6.6 Ethylene Polymerization with Polar comonomers 6.7 Polymers of Other Alkenes 6.8 Oligomerization of Ethylene 6.9 Engineering Aspects Problems Bibliography 7. Selective C-C Bond Forming Reactions With Alkenes 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Di-, Tri-, Tetramerization and Codimerization reactions 7.3 Metathesis Reactions 7.4 Pd-Catalyzed Cross Coupling Reactions 7.5 Metal catalyzed Cyclopropanation and Cycloaddition Problems Bibliography 8. Oxidation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Wacker Oxidation 8.3 Metal-Catalyzed Liquid-Phase Autoxidation 8.4 Polymers from Autoxidation Products 8.5 Selective Oxidations 8.6 Engineering and Safety Considerations Problems Bibliography