The Biology and Troubleshooting of Facultative Lagoons

Provides personnel a new understanding of how lagoon and fixed film sewage treatment systems work Tested in short-course situations by the author over the last 20 years Directs the material in a practical manner at operators who are responsible for process control and troubleshooting Reduces the jargon, chemical equations, and kinetics that overwhelm most operators and laboratory technicians Provides necessary information for understanding biological and chemical conditions at the treatment process

Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii PART I OVERVIEW 1 1 Introduction 3 2 Carbon and Energy Substrates 13 3 Microbial Interactions 19 4 The Facultative Lagoon 35 PART II LOWER LIFE FORMS 43 5 Bacteria 45 6 Archaea 59 7 Fungi 65 8 Bioaugmentation 69 9 Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria 73 10 Pathogens and Disinfection 77 PART III ALGAE 85 11 Green Algae and Diatoms 87 12 Blue]Green Algae (Cyanobacteria) 97 13 Algae, Alkalinity, and pH 105 14 Control Measures for Undesired Algal Growth 111 PART IV HIGHER LIFE FORMS 121 15 Protozoa 123 16 Metazoa 135 PART V PLANTS 143 17 Cattails and Bulrushes 145 18 Duckweed and Watermeal 149 19 Weed Problems 153 PART VI LARGE AQUATIC AND TERRESTIAL ANIMALS 157 20 Insects 159 21 Fish 167 22 Animal Control 171 PART VII SLUDGE AND ODORS 175 23 Sludge Accumulation and Disposal 177 24 Reed Beds 181 25 Odors 183 PART VIII MONITOR ING 189 26 Nitrification 191 27 BOD and TSS 195 28 Monitoring Parameters 199 29 Troubleshooting Notes 203 Bibliography 209 List of Abbreviations 213 Glossary 215 SUBJECT INDEX 223 GENERA AND SPECIES INDEX 227