Latent Structure and Causality: Inference from Data (1版)

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【簡介】 Inferring latent structure and causality is crucial for understanding underlying patterns and relationships hidden in the data. This book covers selected models for latent structures and causal networks and inference methods for these models.After an introduction to the EM algorithm on incomplete data, the book provides a detailed coverage of a few widely used latent structure models, including mixture models, hidden Markov models, and stochastic block models. EM and variation EM algorithms are developed for parameter estimation under these models, with comparison to their Bayesian inference counterparts. We make further extensions of these models to related problems, such as clustering, motif discovery, Kalman filtering, and exchangeable random graphs. Conditional independence structures are utilized to infer the latent structures in the above models, which can be represented graphically. This notion generalizes naturally to the second part on graphical models that use graph separation to encode conditional independence. We cover a variety of graphical models, including undirected graphs, directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), chain graphs, and acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs), and various Markov properties for these models. Recent methods that learn the structure of a graphical model from data are reviewed and discussed. In particular, DAGs and Bayesian networks are an important class of mathematical models for causality. After an introduction to causal inference with DAGs and structural equation models, we provide a detailed review of recent research on causal discovery via structure learning of graphs. Finally, we briefly introduce the causal bandit problem with sequential intervention.

Information Theory：From Coding to Learning (1版)

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【簡介】 This enthusiastic introduction to the fundamentals of information theory builds from classical Shannon theory through to modern applications in statistical learning. Includes over 210 student exercise

Pearson English Readers Level 3 (Pre-Intermediate): Stories from Shakespeare (1版)

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【簡介】 Description British English/Classic These are the stories of some of Shakespeare’s most famous plays. We travel to Venice, Greece, Denmark and Rome, and meet many different people. There is a greedy money-lender, a fairy king and queen, some Roman politicians and a young prince who meets the ghost of his murdered father. Active Readers Pearson English Active Readers and Pearson English Readers series offer an incredible range of popular titles and best-selling authors across a range of genres written for teenage and adult learners. Perfect to enjoy reading for pleasure, in or out of the classroom. 【目錄】

Learning Science for Instructional Designers: From Cognition to Application (1版)

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【簡介】 Ensure Your Instructional Design Stands Up to Learning ScienceLearning science is a professional imperative for instructional designers. In fact, instructional design is applied learning science. To create effective learning experiences that engage, we need to know how learning works and what facilitates and hinders it. We need to track the underlying research and articulate how our designs reflect what is known. Otherwise, how can we claim to be scrutable in our approaches? Learning Science for Instructional Designers: From Cognition to Application distills the current scope of learning science into an easy-to-read primer.Good instructional design makes learning as simple as possible by removing distractions, minimizing the cognitive load, and chunking necessary information into digestible bits. But our aim must go beyond enabling learners to recite facts to empowering them to make better decisions--decisions about what to do, when, and how. This book prepares you to design learning experiences that ensure retention over time and transfer to the appropriate situations. Gain insights into: -Providing spaced practice and reflection -Tapping into motivation and challenge to build learner confidence -Using performance-support tools, social learning, and humor appropriatelyPrompts at the end of each chapter will spark your thinking about how to use these concepts and more in your daily work.Written by Clark N. Quinn, author of Millennials, Goldfish & Other Training Misconceptions: Debunking Learning Myths and Superstitions, this book is perfect for anyone who strives for their instruction to stand up to learning science. 【目錄】