Invitation to Oceanography (Access code inside) (8版)

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書名：Invitation to Oceanography Access code inside 8/e 作者：Pinet 出版社：Jones & Bartlett 出版日期：2019/10/00 ISBN：9781284164695 內容簡介 Invitation to Oceanography, Eighth Edition introduces students to the key concepts from geology, chemistry, physics, and biology as they relate to ocean environments and processes. This comprehensive text helps students learn how scientists interpret data, taking raw knowledge and transforming it into real understanding. As concepts are explained and described with words and numbers, students can apply their learning using questions at the end of each chapter, including the Review of Basic Concepts, Critical-Thinking Essays, and Discovering with Numbers. A unique aspect of this edition is the introduction of Complexity Theory. This recent approach in science takes into consideration the cross-scale complexity of Earth’s ocean systems, notably the applications of panarchy and stability landscapes to unpack cross-scale (spatial as well as temporal) processes and expected outcomes in the future state of ocean systems. Complexity strategies provide students with tools to understand how people need to adapt to change, as well as to uncover feedback loops, self-organization, and emergence. An understanding of Complexity Theory promotes growth in adaptability, flexibility, and change. 目錄 Chapter 1 The Growth of Oceanography Chapter 2 The Planet Oceanus Chapter 3 The Origin of Ocean Basins Chapter 4 Marine Sedimentation Chapter 5 The Properties of Seawater Chapter 6 Wind and Ocean Circulation Chapter 7 Waves in the Ocean Chapter 8 Tides Chapter 9 Marine Ecology Chapter 10 Biological Productivity in the Ocean Chapter 11 The Dynamic Shoreline Chapter 12 Coastal Habitats Chapter 13 Ocean Habitats and Their Biota Chapter 14 The Ocean's Resources Chapter 15 The Human Presence in the Ocean Chapter 16 Global Climate Change and the Oceans

An Invitation to Coarse Groups

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This book lays the foundation for a theory of coarse groups: namely, sets with operations that satisfy the group axioms “up to uniformly bounded error”. These structures are the group objects in the category of coarse spaces, and arise naturally as approximate subgroups, or as coarse kernels. The first aim is to provide a standard entry-level introduction to coarse groups. Extra care has been taken to give a detailed, self-contained and accessible account of the theory. The second aim is to quickly bring the reader to the forefront of research. This is easily accomplished, as the subject is still young, and even basic questions remain unanswered. Reflecting its dual purpose, the book is divided into two parts. The first part covers the fundamentals of coarse groups and their actions. Here the theory of coarse homomorphisms, quotients and subgroups is developed, with proofs of coarse versions of the isomorphism theorems, and it is shown how coarse actions are related to fundamental aspects of geometric group theory. The second part, which is less self-contained, is an invitation to further research, where each thread leads to open questions of varying depth and difficulty. Among other topics, it explores coarse group structures on set-groups, groups of coarse automorphisms and spaces of controlled maps. The main focus is on connections between the theory of coarse groups and classical subjects, including: number theory; the study of bi-invariant metrics on groups; quasimorphisms and stable commutator length; groups of outer automorphisms; and topological groups and their actions. The book will primarily be of interest to researchers and graduate students in geometric group theory, topology, category theory and functional analysis, but some parts will also be accessible to advanced undergraduates.