From Galileo to Einstein

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【簡介】 Our current lives are a result of scientific evolution to which many geniuses in science have contributed. This book describes the lives of great scientists from Galileo to Einstein who made remarkable discoveries in science. By focusing on their stories, the reader will understand that the common trait shared by them in their scientific journey was a genuine enthusiasm to scholarship. The Progress of science is surveyed as follows: Galileo called the father of modern science, expressed natural phenomena with quantitatively measurable quantities, such as weight and length for the first time. Kepler discovered Kepler's laws that explained the movement of celestial bodies. It was however not understood why celestial bodies moved according to Kepler's laws. This problem was elucidated by Newton founding Newtonian mechanics. Electromagnetic phenomena experimentally discovered by Faraday, were theoretically unified by Maxwell who founded electromagnetic theory, constituting the two greatest theories in classical physics together with Newtonian mechanics until the end of nineteenth century. At the end of nineteenth century, two experimental results could not explained by classical physics. The one was the result on the black body radiation. For elucidating the result, Planck in 1900 derived Planck's formula, discovering the concept of "quantum." The other was Michelson-Morley experiment's result supporting relativity principle. For elucidating the result, Einstein developed relativistic theory, constituting the two greatest theories of twentieth century together with quantum mechanics. The readers can understand the progress in physics from classical physics to modern physics, impressed by the lives of geniuses with a genuine enthusiasm to scholarship. 【目錄】

The Square Root of Einstein

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【簡介】 What is our universe made of? How did it get here, and how will it end? Why are many scientists currently so excited about these questions? And why is everybody else so scared of the one subject – physics – that promises to give us all the answers? This book is here to help. Its main aim is to explain a remarkable new idea that has arisen in recent years, that tells us all of our current theories of nature are much more closely related than previously thought possible. It will tell you where these theories come from, why understanding them has traditionally been so difficult, and about the tantalising new hints that our understanding of nature is about to significantly change. More than this, the book will explain quite why it is so important that more people join the greatest pursuit of knowledge that our species has ever seen. Practical advice is given on how to become a scientist, so that people from all backgrounds may be inspired to become the leading thinkers of the future. 【目錄】

Einstein's General Theory of Relativity

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Einstein's general theory of relativity can be a notoriously difficult subject for students approaching it for the first time, with arcane mathematical concepts such as connection coefficients and tensors adorned with a forest of indices. This book is an elementary introduction to Einstein's theory and the physics of curved space-times that avoids these complications as much as possible. Its first half describes the physics of black holes, gravitational waves and the expanding Universe, without using tensors. Only in the second half are Einstein's field equations derived and used to explain the dynamical evolution of the early Universe and the creation of the first elements. Each chapter concludes with problem sets and technical mathematical details are given in the appendices. This short text is intended for undergraduate physics students who have taken courses in special relativity and advanced mechanics.

NEWTON . FARADAY . EINSTEIN

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Our lives have benefited immensely from the scientific evolution over the years. This book provides an overview of the lives of three great scientists, Newton, Faraday and Einstein, who made the most significant contributions to physics. Newton and Faraday laid the foundation of Newtonian mechanics and electro-magnetic theory, respectively, that constituted the two greatest contributions to classical physics. Newton elucidated the motion of celestial bodies with the three laws of motion, while Faraday researched electro-magnetic phenomena and discovered electro-magnetic induction, magneto-optical effect, etc. Furthermore, Einstein contributed to the foundation of quantum mechanics and relativity theory which comprise the two greatest theories in modern physics. By elucidating photoelectric effect, Einstein proved the correctness of the concept of quantum proposed by Planck which resulted in quantum mechanics being considered as an epoch-making mechanics following Newtonian mechanics. Einstein renovated the concept of time-space and derived the Lorentz transformation supporting relativity principle. This book will take the readers on a journey to understand the progress from classical physics to modern physics. Contents: Isaac Newton: Upbringing Admission into the University of Cambridge Academic Development in the Continent Barrow, the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics Creativity during the Plague Successor of Barrow Principia Emergency at the University Life in London Michael Faraday: Upbringing Davy, Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution Opening the Doorway to Research Oersted's Discovery Liquefaction of Chlorine Gas Election for Fellow of the Royal Society Discovery of Electromagnetic Induction Discovery of Laws of Electrochemical Decomposition Research on Dielectrics, Light and Magnetism, and Magnetic Substances Social Contribution by Faraday A Grace-and-Favor House at Hampton Court Offered by Queen Victoria to Faraday and His Wife Albert Einstein: Upbringing Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich: ETH Zurich The Patent Office in Bern Publication of Three Papers Historical Background of the Special Relativistic Theory The Special Relativistic Theory Consequences of the Special Relativistic Theory Research at the University The General Relativistic Theory Consequence of the General Relativistic Theory Verification of Correctness of the General Relativistic Theory The Nobel Prize The Fifth Solvay Conference Princeton Readership: High school students and undergraduates interested in history of science.

YOU CAN BE THE NEXT EINSTEIN

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Have you ever wondered how Einstein, a regular man, can come up with radical ideas that shape the world to be what it is today? Albert Einstein is a familiar name to many in the scientific and non-scientific community due to his revolutionary ideas such as the Theory of Relativity, Special Relativity and significant contributions to the development of Quantum Mechanics. As such, many aspire to be like him and wonder how they can do that. The author believes that one needs to condition his/her mind to be able to think like the world-renowned Mathematical Physicist, Albert Einstein. The road to being successful can be challenging and it requires grit, confidence and guidance from the right people. Hence, this book is as a must-have guide to readers who wish to be one of the best scientists in the world! Related Link(s) Do you want to become the next Einstein? Sample Chapter(s) Foreword Preface Chapter 1: Introduction Contents: Introduction Role Models Is This You? Mathematical Physics as a Career What We Do Nullius in Verba The Gates of Hell Why? How It All Started for Me No Good at Maths? Einstein's Brain Motivate Yourself Study, Sleep, and Exams Tools of the Trade The Mess on Your Desk Giving a Talk Finding a Job Interviews Sitting at the Back The Administrators Publish or Perish Strings and Things Notation Your Career Choice Glossary Notes Readership: Secondary school students and teachers, undergraduate students and general public.