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詳細資訊
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How can we keep up with the deluge of information about COVID-19 and tell which parts are most important and trustworthy? We read: "Scientists recommend", "Experts warn", "A new model predicts". How do scientific experts come up with their recommendations? What do their predictions really mean for us, for our friends, and our families? How can we make rational decisions? And how can we have sensible conversations about the pandemic when we disagree? These are the questions that this book is trying to address. It is written in the form of dialogues. Alice, a student of epidemiology, explains the science to three of her fellow students who have a lot of questions for her. The students have the same concerns that we all share to varying degrees: What the pandemic is doing to our health, our economy, and our cherished freedoms. In their conversations, they discover how the science relates to these questions. The book focuses on epidemiology, the science of how infections spread and how the spread can be mitigated. The science of how many infections can be prevented by certain kinds of actions. This is what we need to understand if we want to act wisely, as individuals and as a society. The author's goal is to help the reader think about the COVID-19 pandemic like an epidemiologist. About the various preventive measures, what they are trying to accomplish, what the obstacles are. About what is likely to be most effective in the long run at moderate economic and personal cost. About the likely consequences of personal decisions. About how to best protect oneself and others while allowing all of us to lead lives that are as close as possible to normal. While some chapters present slightly more advanced material than others, no scientific background is needed to follow the conversations. The technical concepts are explained in small steps and the occasional calculations in the book require only high-school mathematics. Related Link(s) Press Release - Professor Winfried Just creates critical discussions around COVID in new book Sample Chapter(s) Samples from the Dialogues Who may want to read this book? Contents: The COVID-19 Epidemic and Our Response to It What are Scientists Up To? How Dangerous is COVID-19? And What Do the Numbers Really Mean? How Does the Spread of COVID-19 Depend on Our Contacts? Have Travel Restrictions Helped? How Can We Compare Numbers of Infections in Different Countries? Why are Trend Curves Useful and What Do They Show? Does the United States Do Enough Testing? What is the Basic Reproduction Number and What Does It Tell Us? How are Reproduction Numbers Related to Our Contacts? What Does "Flattening the Curve" Do for Us? How Do Social Distancing and Wearing Masks Help? How Can We Make Re-opening Safe? How Dangerous is It to Touch Surfaces? How Do Isolation and Quarantine Help? How Do COVID-19 Tests Work? How to Estimate the Ratio of Actual to Reported Numbers of Infections? Was the Recent Increase in Reported COVID-19 Infections Caused by More Testing? What is Contact Tracing and How Does It Help? How Can We Safely Socialize? How Safe is It to Travel? Case Numbers are Going Up, Deaths are Going Down. What to Make of It? What If Lockdowns Had Been Imposed Earlier? Could We Have Safely Avoided a Lockdown Altogether? What is Logarithmic Scaling? Can We Stop the Pandemic by Achieving Herd Immunity? How Could Vaccinations Help? When were Countries and States Successful in Dealing with COVID-19? What Does the Future Hold? Readership: General public. Anyone who wants to make sense of the snippets of scientific information about COVID-19 that are in the news. The volume could also be used as supplementary reading for a quantitative literacy course at the precalculus level.
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COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan City in December 2019 and spread throughout Hubei Province and other parts of China. After causing significant morbidity and mortality in China, by February 2020, it had spread to numerous other countries, infecting millions of people and causing a large number of deaths across the world. The COVID-19 pandemic put a burden on almost all areas of the world including healthcare systems, education, industry, travel, etc. The pandemic revealed the vulnerability of the world’s healthcare systems and affected healthcare personnel significantly. The virus is able to attack not only the respiratory tract, but almost all the organs including the brain. Impacts on gut biota have also been noticed. The virus has caused both morbidity and mortality in humans without any geographical, cultural, or religious barriers. The emergence of new variants due to mutations in the virus has aggravated the problem. While the delta variant brought a second wave and killed a large number of people due to various factors such as lowering of saturated oxygen in blood and other physiological emergencies, the omicron variant proved to be less lethal. Though the pandemic has subsided, the emergence of the subvariants BA1 and BA2 and now their hybrids has started to increase the number of cases at exponential levels and has forced new lockdown measures in places such as China. As the conditions laid down to combat the pandemic have been relaxed, the virus may reach other countries and cause additional countries to resort to lockdown again. COVID-19 became the focus of the scientific community with the aim of developing new drugs, repurposing available drugs to be used against the virus, and developing a series of vaccines in a short time. The mild effect of omicron might have been due to the extensive vaccination programmes carried out in various countries. However, there is genuine fear that newly emerging variants may evade the immune system and cause damage to the body. This book highlights the impact of COVID-19 on science, industry, and healthcare systems. The chapters included in the volume come from dedicated experts belonging to basic sciences, biotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences, and other fields of sciences. These include discussions on how the virus evolves and attacks various organs in the body. A separate chapter explains the emergence of various strains of virus. The preparedness of hospitals and healthcare workers as well as different agencies such as DRDO to face the challenges posed by virus is also discussed. The way scientists and technologists developed new techniques to detect and control the virus have also been highlighted including a chapter on the development of vaccines to control the pandemic.