Physics of Solitons

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The basic properties of solitons are introduced here using examples from macroscopic physics (e.g. blood pressure pulses and fibre optical communications). The book then presents the main theoretical methods before discussing applications from solid state or atomic physics such as dislocations, excitations in spin chains, conducting polymers, ferroelectrics and Bose-Einstein condensates. Examples are also taken from biological physics and include energy transfer in proteins and DNA fluctuations. Throughout the book the authors emphasize a new approach to modelling nonlinearities in physics. Physical aspects of solitons explained All statements are justified from basic physical principles Includes numerous applications that have not previously been presented

BLACK HOLE UNIQUENESS THEOREMS VOL:6

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This timely review provides a self-contained introduction to the mathematical theory of stationary black holes and a self-consistent exposition of the corresponding uniqueness theorems. The opening chapters examine the general properties of space-times admitting Killing fields and derive the Kerr-Newman metric. Heusler emphasizes the general features of stationary black holes, the laws of black hole mechanics, and the geometrical concepts behind them. Tracing the steps toward the proof of the "no-hair" theorem, he illustrates the methods used by Israel, the divergence formulas derived by Carter, Robinson and others, and finally the sigma model identities and the positive mass theorem. The book also includes an extension of the electro-vacuum uniqueness theorem to self-gravitating scalar fields and harmonic mappings. A rigorous textbook for graduate students in physics and mathematics, this volume offers an invaluable, up-to-date reference for researchers in mathematical physics, general relativity and astrophysics.

Particle Astrophysics

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Recent years have seen a symbiosis of the fields of elementary particle physics and the astrophysics of the early universe. This text presents the background of the subjects and the latest developments at a level suitable for a physics undergraduate. After introductory chapters on elementary particles and their interactions and role in the expanding universe, the problems and challenges of cosmological asymmetries, dark matter and dark energy are presented, followed by chapters on the growth of cosmic structure, on high energy cosmic rays and on particle processes in stars. A balance is maintained between theory and experiment and the text supplemented with over 100 problems, together with answers and model solutions.

Space-Time Relativity, and Cosmology

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Space-Time, Relativity, and Cosmology provides a historical introduction to modern relativistic cosmology and traces its historical roots and evolution from antiquity to Einstein. The topics are presented in a non-mathematical manner, with the emphasis on the ideas that underlie each theory rather than their detailed quantitative consequences. A significant part of the book focuses on the Special and General theories of relativity. The tests and experimental evidence supporting the theories are explained together with their predictions and their confirmation. Other topics include a discussion of modern relativistic cosmology, the consequences of Hubble's observations leading to the Big Bang hypothesis, and an overview of the most exciting research topics in relativistic cosmology. This textbook is intended for introductory undergraduate courses on the foundations of modern physics. It is also accessible to advanced high school students, as well as non-science majors who are concerned with science issues.

An Introduction to Optical Stellar Interfermetry

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During the last two decades, optical stellar interferometry has become an important tool in astronomical investigations requiring spatial resolution well beyond that of traditional telescopes. This book, first published in 2006, was the first to be written on the subject. The authors provide an extended introduction discussing basic physical and atmospheric optics, which establishes the framework necessary to present the ideas and practice of interferometry as applied to the astronomical scene. They follow with an overview of historical, operational and planned interferometric observatories, and a selection of important astrophysical discoveries made with them. Finally, they present some as-yet untested ideas for instruments both on the ground and in space which may allow us to image details of planetary systems beyond our own.

21st Century Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies 7/e 2022. (7版)

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Comprehensive and authoritative, 21st Century Astronomy fosters scientific literacy by offering carefully crafted activities that help students apply the process of science to astronomy, the news, and the world. The 21st Century learning package provides the most up-to-date astronomy research, engaging students as they prepare for lecture, perform in-class activities, and complete meaningful homework assignments―both in person and online. Lead author Stacy Palen draws on her experience teaching at an open enrollment university to build intentionality and transparency into every aspect of the learning package, giving activities a clear purpose and making them easy to execute without special equipment. Norton’s service supports every instructor, every step of the way.