Neuroimmune Interactions in Pain (1版)

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As lifespans increase, more people around the world find themselves victims of chronic pain. In spite of this, treatment options continue to be severely limited. Anti-inflammatory drugs can only do so much, while painkillers like opioids have led to crippling addictions and fatal overdoses. The subject of the book is the role of immune cells, including glial cells, and neuroimmune interactions in chronic pain. The book begins by examining the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the involvement of non-neuronal cells in chronic pain. It discusses the interactions between non-neuronal cells and neurons in the regulation of chronic pain. It then presents the implications of these findings, including promising and emerging treatments such as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs, such as resolvins and protectins), immune cell therapy, and complementary and alternative medicine, as well as neuromodulation and regenerative medicine, which may prove to be theturning point for hundreds of millions of patients world-wide who struggle to escape from the shadow of chronic pain. The book presents ground-breaking research that will alter current perspectives on chronic pain.

Nutrient-Drug Interactions (Nutrition And Disease Prevention) (1版)

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【簡介】Current research has given us a more complete understanding of how the chemicals in foods and herbs interact with natural and synthetic drugs. In some cases a single food or supplement can profoundly increase or decrease the toxicity and/or efficacy of a single drug. Although it is standard practice to examine the effects of food consumption on the absorption and pharmacokinetics of new drugs, the issue has become greater than "should this medicine be taken with or without food." Nutrient-Drug Interactions focuses on food, herbals, and their chemical constituents as contributors to human health through control of metabolism, primarily as they relate to chronic disease development and treatment. The book's organization highlights the ailment being treated or prevented and the targets of therapy. Each chapter provides a comprehensive examination of the macronutrient, micronutrient, and phytochemical impact on drug action and includes advice on modification or supplementation in those cases where diet is a factor. The chapters focus on the molecular mechanism by which a food or chemical is thought to modify disease process and drug behavior. The book describes the roles of genetic variation and polymorphism in determining nutrient/drug responses, how they might be "profiled" to identify those likely to demonstrate specific interactions, and who would benefit from adjuvant or complementary therapies. The book explores how what is consumed affects response, whether on a population or individual level, to the pharmacologic agents that are the mainstay of chronic disease treatment/prevention around the world. 【目錄】

Hydrodynamics of Wave-Vegetation Interactions

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Free-surface flow (or wave) interaction with vegetation is a complex subject. In order to understand the underlying physical processes either physical experiments or numerical simulations, or ideally in complement, can be employed. Both approaches face lots of challenges. For example in experiments, the research question is how to scale-down appropriately the large-scale physics and how to interpret the experimental data. In numerical simulations, how to approximate numerically the complex wave-multiple rigid or flexible structures (vegetal stems) including the resolution of turbulence at all spatial and temporal scales. This book reviews the state of the art of the research in the area of wave-vegetation interaction for coastal applications using numerical and experimental approaches. The reference text will be useful to students, early-career researchers, teachers and practicing engineers in the field of ocean engineering, civil engineering and climate change. Sample Chapter(s) Preface Chapter 1: Introduction to Wave-Vegetation Interaction Contents: Preface Introduction to Wave-Vegetation Interaction (Thorsten Stoesser) Vegetation Traits (Maike Paul) Effect of Coastal Vegetation in Attenuating Extreme Waves — A Review (S Harish, V Sriram, B Jochems and Holger Schüttrumpf) Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Flow-Vegetation Interaction in the Framework of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) for Coastal Defense (Maria Maza) Installation of a Hybrid Tsunami Defense System as a Combination of Engineered Structures and Coastal Forest and Vegetation Management (Norio Tanaka, Yoshiya Igarashi, and Hiroyuki Torita) The Role of Vegetation Flexibility in Wave Attenuation (T J van Veelen, D E Reeve and H Karunarathna) Incorporating Vegetation in Phase-Resolving Models — Macroscopic Approach (R Divya and V Sriram) Turbulence Structure due to Wave-Vegetation Interaction (Zhihua Xie and Thorsten Stoesser) A Comprehensive Review on Wave–Vegetation Interaction (N Hari Ram and V Sundar) Index