C N Yang is a towering figure of science who has significantly extended human understanding of nature, headed one of the foremost research institutes in physics for three decades, and made great contributions to the advances of Chinese physics. This Festschrift in honor of Professor Yang on his centenary birthday consists of two volumes: Volume A consists of general essays concerning Professor Yang the person, as well as the authors' impressions and reminiscences of him, which are mainly (but not exclusively) in Chinese. This volume, that is Volume B, consists of over thirty scientific papers in English on subjects broadly related to his work and contributed by two different groups: Professor Yang's colleagues, friends, and former students; and graduates from the Tsinghua University Physics Department or Institute for Advanced Study, who have come under the influence of Professor Yang and are now established in their own careers; review papers presented at a Symposium held in his honor in 2021 are also included. It is hoped that this Festschrift can serve as a fit tribute to Professor Yang's lifelong achievements, and also increase public awareness of the many different sides of this giant — his life, his personality, his work, his influence, as well as what he strives for. Sample Chapter(s) Foreword Understanding Cosmic-Ray Transport from First-Principles Contents: Foreword Yang at One Hundred: A Retrospect in Photos Understanding Cosmic-Ray Transport from First-Principles (Xue-Ning Bai) Deconfined Quantum Critical Point in Fermionic Models on the π-flux Square Lattice (Xun Cai, Zi-Xiang Li and Hong Yao) Two Variations on the Theme of Yang and Mills — The SM and the FSM (Chan Hong-Mo and Tsou Sheung Tsun) Derivative Expansion of Effective Action in Perturbation Theory (Lai-Him Chan) A New Accelerator Light Source Based on Steady-State Microbunching Mechanism (Alexander Chao) Reflections on the Limits of Science and the Complexity of Life (Fong-ching Chen) Exactly Solvable Topological and Fracton Models as Gauge Theories (Xie Chen) The SYK Model and Many-Body Quantum Chaos (Yingfei Gu) The Emergence of 3 + 1D Einstein Gravity from Topological Gravity Theory (Zheng-Cheng Gu) Yang-Gaudin Model: A Paradigm of Many-Body Physics (Xi-Wen Guan and Hai-Qing Lin) Professor C N Yang, Quantum Gas Droplets, and Cold Atom Meta-Materials (Tin-Lun Ho) Interacting 1D Chiral Fermions with Pairing: Transition from Integrable to Chaotic (Biao Lian) The Generalized Gelfand Method (Zhong-Qi Ma) Frontiers of Astronomy: The Discovery of Extrasolar Planets (Shude Mao) Legacy of Yang-Yang Thermodynamics (Zhen-Sheng Yuan, Xi-Wen Guan and Jian-Wei Pan) Emergent Bulk Gauge Field in Random Tensor Networks (Xiao-Liang Qi) Non-Bloch PT Symmetry: Universal Threshold and Dimensional Surprise (Fei Song, Hong-Yi Wang and Zhong Wang) My Prospective on the Contemporary Trend of Theoretical Physics Inspired by Chen-Ning Yang (Chang-Pu Sun) Projecting Local and Global Symmetries to the Planck Scale (Gerard 't Hooft) Physics of Life (Chao Tang) Yang–Mills Fields and Geometry (Gang Tian) Deconfined Quantum Criticality Among Grand Unified Theories (Yi-Zhuang You and Juven Wang) Yang–Mills from Yang–Baxter (Xiao-Gang Wen) Mottness, Phase String, and High-Tc Superconductivity: An Emergent Dual World of Elementary Particles (Zheng-Yu Weng) The Symmetry Principle in Condensed Matter Physics (I) (Congjun Wu) Experimental Discovery of the First Yang–Mills Non-Abelian Gauge Particle (Sau Lan Wu) On the Yang–Mills Non-Abelian Gauge Theory (Tai Tsun Wu and Sau Lan Wu) Yang–Mills Gauge Principle and the Standard Model of Particle Physics — In Celebration of the 100th Birthday of Chen-Ning Yang (Yong-Shi Wu) A Construction of Exotic Metallic States (Xiao-Chuan Wu, Yichen Xu, Mengxing Ye, Zhu-Xi Luo and Cenke Xu) Advancements in Condensed Matter Physics: Dimensionality Matters (Qi-Kun Xue, Ding Zhang, Zhuoyu Chen, Wei Li, Ke He, Xiao Feng, Can-Li Song, Li-Li Wang, Shuaihua Ji and Xucun Ma) Monopole Quantization: A Pedagogical Episode (Kenneth Young) Pioneering a Field Forty Years Prior to Its Birth (Hui Zhai) Perspectives on the Development of Physics in the 21st Century (Jie Zhang, Hesheng Chen, Kenneth Young, Yong-Shi Wu, Tao Xiang and Rong-Gen Cai) Nonsymmorphic Symmetry Protected Dirac, Möbius, and Hourglass Fermions in Topological Materials (Rui-Xing Zhang and Chao-Xing Liu) Readership: Researchers in theoretical and mathematical physics, particle and nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, and quantum physics.