"As an important feature, this book contains both mathematics and physics, properly balanced for a student interested in studying theoretical physics. There are many exercises to be worked out. I am pleased to highly recommend the book for any one interested in the anyons." Professor Mukunda P Das The Australian National University Reviews of the First Edition: "This lucid monograph is highly recommended for those who want to do further research in the area as well as for those who are merely curious about this unusual aspect of quantum many-body physics." Current Science "The overall style is clear and pedagogical, with emphasis on symmetry and simplicity ... I recommend this book for newcomers, graduate students and teachers who are interested in having an introduction to the topics of the book's title." Mathematical Reviews This book explains the subtleties of quantum statistical mechanics in lower dimensions and their possible ramifications in quantum theory. The discussion is at a pedagogical level and is addressed to both graduate students and advanced researchers with a reasonable background in quantum and statistical mechanics. Topics in the first part of the book include the flux tube model of anyons, the braid group and a detailed discussion about the various aspects of quantum and statistical mechanics of a noninteracting anyon gas. The second part of the book includes a detailed discussion about fractional statistics from the point of view of Chern-Simons theories. Topics covered here include Chern-Simons field theories, charged vortices, anyon superconductivity and the fractional quantum Hall effect. Since the publication of the first edition of the book, an exciting possibility has emerged, that of quantum computing using anyons. A section has therefore been included on this topic in the second edition. In addition, new sections have been added about scattering of anyons with hard disk repulsion as well as fractional exclusion statistics and negative probabilities.