Who You Know

Improve student outcomes with a new approach to relationships and networks Relationships matter. Who You Know explores this simple idea to give teachers and school administrators a fresh perspective on how to break the pattern of inequality in American classrooms. It reveals how schools can invest in the power of relationships to increase social mobility for their students. Discussions about inequality often focus on achievement gaps. But opportunity is about more than just test scores. Opportunity gaps are a function of not just what students know, but who they know. This book explores the central role that relationships play in young people’s lives, and provides guidance for a path forward. Schools can: Integrate student support models that increase access to caring adults in students’ lives Invest in learning models that strengthen teacher-student relationships Deploy emerging technologies that expand students’ networks to experts and mentors from around world Exploring the latest tools, data, and real-world examples, this book provides evidence-based guidance for educators looking to level the playing field and expert analysis on how policymakers and entrepreneurs can help. Networks need no longer be limited by geography or circumstance. By making room for relationships, K-12 schools can transform themselves into hubs of next-generation learning and connecting. Who You Know explains how.

Foreword vii  Clayton M. Christensen Introduction 1 1 The Social Side of Opportunity: Why Relationships Matter to Meritocracy 17 2 Getting by with a Little Help from Our Friends: What Schools Need to Know about Social Capital 35 3 There’s no App for that: The Power of Integrating Access to Strong Ties and Care 53 4 Edtech that Connects: How New Technologies can Disrupt Students’ Networks 69 5 Making Space for Relationships: Redesigning School as a Caring and Networking Hub 89 6 If You Build it, will they Connect? Engaging Outsiders Inside Schools 111 7 What gets Measured gets Done: School Metrics and Policies Reconsidered 133 Conclusion: Designing for a Networked Society, Labor Market, and Life 153 About the Authors 161 Acknowledgments 163 Index 167